@article {454, title = {Quantifying air quality benefits resulting from few autonomous vehicles stabilizing traffic}, journal = {Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment}, volume = {67}, year = {2019}, month = {02/2019}, chapter = {351}, abstract = {

It is anticipated that in the near future, the penetration rate of vehicles with some autonomous\ capabilities (e.g., adaptive cruise control, lane following, full automation, etc.) will increase on\ roadways. This work investigates the potential reduction of vehicular emissions caused by the\ whole traffic stream, when a small number of autonomous vehicles (e.g., 5\% of the vehicle\ fleet)\ are designed to stabilize the traffic\ flow and dampen stop-and-go waves. To demonstrate this,\ vehicle velocity and acceleration data are collected from a series of field experiments that use a\ single autonomous-capable vehicle to dampen traffic waves on a circular ring road with 20{\textendash}21\ human-piloted vehicles. From the experimental data, vehicle emissions (hydrocarbons, carbon\ monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides) are estimated using the MOVES emissions\ model. This work\ finds that vehicle emissions of the entire\ fleet may be reduced by between 15\%\ (for carbon dioxide) and 73\% (for nitrogen oxides) when stop-and-go waves are reduced or\ eliminated by the dampening action of the autonomous vehicle in the flow of human drivers. This\ is possible if a small fraction (\~{}5\%) of vehicles are autonomous and designed to actively dampen\ traffic waves. However, these reductions in emissions apply to driving conditions under which\ stop-and-go waves are present. Less significant reductions in emissions may be realized from a deployment of AVs in a broader range of traffic conditions.

}, doi = {10.1016/j.trd.2018.12.008}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2018.12.008}, author = {Yuche Chen and Miles Churchill and Fangyu Wu and Maria Laura Dell Monache and Benedetto Piccoli and Benjamin Seibold and Jonathan Sprinkle and Daniel B. Work} }